How to Determine Which Kind of Mortgage is Best for You

By Brian Jenkins

As everyone knows, buying a home is stressful and one of the most important decisions that one has to make is what kind of mortgage to get. Choosing the mortgage that works best for you and addresses your specific needs can potentially save -or cost you -thousands of dollars over the length of the mortgage.

Perhaps the biggest decision is whether to take a fixed rate (FRM) or an adjustable (ARM) mortgage. A fixed rate mortgage is just that -the interest rate on your loan
will not change even if interest rates go up or down. An adjustable rate mortgage will go up or down, depending on the prevailing interest rate at the time. It all depends on the state of the economy, your personal and financial situation and just how much of a risk you want to take. Around 70% of all mortgages are fixed rate.

A fixed rate mortgage offers stability -you do not need to worry about your monthly payment going up, although you may be missing out on a better rate. An adjustable rate mortgage carries an interest rate that is connected to the prevailing market rate -the monthly mortgage payment will be more or less, depending on what the market rate is doing. An adjustable rate mortgage does offer some safeguard - there may be a limit on the amount the rate can change during a certain period; there may also be a limit on the amount that rates can be increased over the length of the loan.

A change in the interest rate can mean a big difference in how much you pay for your home. An interest rate of just one point less can mean a savings of around $50,000 on the average thirty-year mortgage and around $5,000 on the average 15-year mortgage. In addition, an increase in the interest rate of just one or two percent can mean monthly payments that are between $50 and $250 higher. Another option is to take out the fixed rate mortgage and then re-finance if interest rates go lower.

The length or term of the mortgage is also important. Most home buyers opt for the traditional 15 or 30 year mortgage, but it is also possible to take out a mortgage that is 10, 25 or even 40 years. It all depends on how much you can afford to pay each month and how quickly you want to own your home outright -obviously, the shorter the term of the mortgage, the higher your monthly payments are.

It is also possible to take out a 30-year mortgage and when you can afford it, pay more towards the principal, thus making the term shorter. Simply making an extra payment a month will significantly reduce the term of the mortgage -as well as saving a substantial amount in interest charges. If you pay extra, make sure the payment is going towards the principal, rather than the interest.

There are some other options available. An option adjustable rate loan has an interest rate that adjusts every month -it allows homebuyers to enjoy lower monthly payment amounts at first and then to make higher payments later, when they can better afford it. A so-called balloon mortgage offers a payment schedule similar to the traditional 30 year mortgage -but with a shorter term of up to seven years. At the end of the term, the buyer must pay the outstanding balance.

You may also be eligible for an FHA (Federal Housing Authority) loan -a fixed rate mortgage that is designed for home buyers with a low income or poor credit, who are buying a home for the first time. An FHA loan usually requires less of a down payment and offesr a lower interest rate than a regular mortgage. An FHA mortgage loan is also secured to the lender in the event of default by the purchaser.

Another option is a VA (Veteran’s Affairs) mortgage, which applies to buyers who have experience of serving in the military, as well as a surviving spouse. VA loans have several advantages - it’s possible to get a mortgage with little or no down payment, the loans are assumable and there is no penalty for prepaying the loan. However there is a maximum loan amount - in most states this is $417,000 -and you still have to qualify as far as income and credit are concerned.

Your home is probably the biggest single purchase you will make. It is worth taking the time to find the mortgage option that works best for you. The types of mortgages that are available all affect your payments differently. The type of mortgage chosen mostly depends on personal income and the length of time in which you are looking to pay for the mortgage.